Director General of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the world’s largest conservation membership organization, which brings together states, government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and scientific experts. Previously, she served as Rector of the University for Peace, a graduate-level international university, mandated by the UN, that provides education, training, and research on issues related to peace and conflict; Executive Director of LEAD (Leadership for Environment and Development) International, a program to improve the skills of mid-career leaders from all parts of the world; and Executive Director of ICSU (International Council for Science).